Chapter Eight



  • The Short and Sweet Quick Reference Summary
  • The Long, Detailed Summary
  • Recurring Symbols Worth Noticing
  • Themes
  • Chief Characters Appearing
  • Setting
  • Vital Quotations



  • The Short and Sweet Quick Reference Summary

       Chapter Eight is vital for the reader to be able to fully understand Gatsby's character. Fitzgerald has previously in the novel revealed only some details of Gatsby's past, but here he completes the background of James Gatz (Jay Gatsby) and how Gatsby came to know Daisy.

  • Nick goes to Gatsby's house where Gatsby confides in Nick the history of Jay's feelings for Daisy.
  • Nick leaves to go to work, then retells the events at Wilson's garage after their departure the previous night from an omnipotent narrator position.
  • Wilson searches for the name of the man who drove the yellow car and by early afternoon has discovered that it is Gatsby's car.
  • Gatsby carries his mattress, a reference to Christ's carrying the cross, to the pool for the last swim of the year where Wilson shoots him and then commits suicide.

  • Return to Top



    The Long, Detailed Summary

       The chapter opens with Nick's going over to Gatsby's early the next morning after a restless night for both men. Gatsby had spent the entire night waiting outside of Daisy's window hoping for a signal of her wanting to escape with him but to no avail. Nick is not able to rest all night, due to recurring visions of Myrtle causing him to turn between "grotesque reality and savage frightening dreams" (154).

       Gatsby's spirit is crushed by Tom, and now Jay feels able to confide the truth about himself in Nick. Very similar to the discussion Gatsby had had with Nick about Dan Cody, Jay now reveals even more personal truths about his relationship with Daisy. Gatsby had been overwhelmed by Daisy since he first met her. He then began visiting her regularly with other officers from Camp Taylor, but soon he came alone. He was awed by her beautiful home and surroundings and was astonished at how natural she felt in such wealth. Gatsby was attracted to her partly because of her incredible wealth and partly because so many other men were.

       Gatsby, however, felt that Daisy was out of reach for him because he was penniless. He would settle for taking whatever he could get for a while until he succeeded in being intimate with her. Instead of this making him happy, it only makes him angry with himself for misleading her about his social status. Rather than despise himself, he became infatuated with Daisy, converting her more into a quest than a realistic date. He had originally planned to take what he could of her and then leave, but became overwhelmed by her, and felt committed to her, even married. Gatsby professes his love for Daisy to Nick and describes how their mutual affection grew daily as they talked about the future. Their love reached a new height and depth the day before he was to leave for the war.

       Gatsby then explains to Nick about his experience in the war. He had done extremely well in the war earning officer promotions and command of the machine gun division. After the Armistice he had tried frantically to return home to Daisy, but a misunderstanding in the military sent him to Oxford rather than back to America. He was still receiving letters from Daisy, but her letters had taken on a new tone of concern about his inability to get home and reassure her of her actions. She desperately needed guidance in her life by a strong male figure. Tom Buchanan, who flattered her, filled this void of influence. Gatsby learned of the crushing news in a letter while he was still at Oxford.

       Gatsby attempts to reassure himself of Daisy's sole love for him by telling Nick repeatedly that she loved him all along more than Tom if she ever loved him. Jay returned from France while Tom and Daisy were still on their honeymoon and found Daisy's hometown still intriguing but empty and lonely.

       Jay and Nick return to the present to discover a drastic change in the weather. The day is more autumn now. Gatsby's last servant tells him that he is going to drain the pool today, but Jay requests that he wait a while so that he could swim in it just once before it is emptied since he hadn't all summer. Nick feels a desire to stay with Gatsby and not leave him, so he misses two trains before he finally is able to leave. Nick promises to call Gatsby at noon, and Gatsby hopefully replies that Daisy might call him as well. As Nick is leaving he calls out to Gatsby calling the Buchanans and their friends a "rotten crowd" and tells Gatsby that he's worth all of them put together. It is the first and only compliment Nick gives him. Gatsby only stands on the steps of his house in his pink suit distinguishing him from the white steps. Nick is reminded of the first time he came to Gatsby's house and everyone there hypothesized about Gatsby's hidden corruption, not realizing his true hidden life. Then Nick departs from Gatsby, thanking him for his hospitality as he and many others had done before.

       While at work, Nick receives a phone call from Jordan, but is extremely uninterested and rather indifferent to their breakup over the phone. Then he tries calling Gatsby four times at noon as promised but the line was busy. He learns from the operator that the line is open to a long distance call from Detroit.

       Nick, as narrator, retells the events at the garage that had occurred after they had left. Myrtle's sister Catherine arrives, after some searching for her, drunk despite her earlier rule against drinking. Wilson sits dazed in his garage, the object of passersby' looks, until Michaelis joins him attempting to distract him. George admits to Michaelis that he does not attend church and then begins to tell about his belief that Myrtle was having an affair, remembering the time she had come back from the city bruised and with a broken nose, and displayed the new dog collar he had discovered as proof of his theory. Wilson does not accept any of Michaelis' reasons for Myrtle's having a dog collar but insists on her being murdered by the driver of the car rather than it having just been an accident. Wilson states how Myrtle had run into the road to talk to the driver, but he would not stop. Wilson then explains how he had told Myrtle that God knew everything that she was doing and had taken her to the window to look up at the overseeing eyes of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg, stating that God sees everything.

       At six o'clock, Michaelis goes back home to sleep when the next watcher arrived to monitor Wilson. Four hours later, however, Michaelis returns to discover Wilson has disappeared. Boys say that they had seen Wilson "acting sort of crazy." He is in search of clues to find out whom the yellow car belongs to. He walks all over town, but by half past two, he is in West Egg asking for Gatsby's house.

       At two o'clock Gatsby makes his way outside carrying the mattress for the pool, refusing aid by the chauffeur to carry it for him, and makes it to the yellowing trees. He leaves specific instructions not to take the car out despite the damage to the fender, and that all calls should be brought to him. The call from Daisy never comes and perhaps Gatsby believed it never would, realizing that he has paid a high price for his single dream. He looked at the world in a different light.

       Although the chauffeur heard the shots but did not think much of them until Nick came running up the steps of the house, and they know then what had happened. Four of them, Nick, the chauffeur, butler, and gardener, go down to the pool. There, they find the mattress, touched by a cluster of leaves, revolving irregularly in the almost still water, leaving a thin red circle in the water. It is not until after they start moving Gatsby's body towards the house, that the gardener sees Wilson's body a little way off in the grass, completing the "holocaust."


    Return to Top



    Recurring Symbols Worth Noticing
  • Gatsby's carrying of the mattress, comparing it to Christ's cross, so that his mattress symbolizes the personal cross that he must bear alone.
  • The eyes of Dr. T.J. Eckleburg, that Wilson forces Myrtle to look at, which represent God's eyes watching everything that goes on below.

  • Return to Top



    Themes

    The color yellow representing danger: earlier the car, now the leaves on the trees that Gatsby goes into before his swim. The color yellow can also represent recklessness foreshadowing doom.


    Return to Top



    Chief Characters Appearing

  • Nick - He is the one that Gatsby confides the truth about his relationship with Daisy and how it all started. Nick continues as moral judge of the characters stating afterward his belief that Jay is better than all the others are. Nick then becomes the omnipotent narrator, retelling the events at Wilson's garage after he had left with Tom the previous night, and then about Wilson's attempt to vindicate himself and his wife. Nick then arrives at Gatsby's house to discover the deaths.
  • Gatsby - He is sorrowful about Daisy, and explains his feelings about Daisy to Nick. He then realizes the futility of his entire quest and dreams of ever being with Daisy which cause him to brutally crash back into reality. In the pool he is reborn just in time to be killed by the ways of his old life.
  • Wilson - Wilson is devastated by the loss of his wife, his only friend. Initially, he is in a daze but begins to decide to kill the man who he believes stole his wife from him both in life and death and to end his own pathetic life. He discovers that Gatsby is the owner of the yellow car and hunts him down for the final confrontation.
  • Michaelis - As Wilson's neighbor, he is the closest thing to a friend that Wilson has and so feels that he has the responsibility of comforting Wilson.


  • Return to Top



    Setting


       The beginning of the chapter actually occurs in Gatsby's house from the early morning and goes through mid-morning. The majority of the story however, is in Gatsby's flashback. The setting then temporarily jumps to Nick's office while he talks to Jordan on the phone. The retelling of Wilson's story concentrates mainly in Wilson's garage and office but does talk about his wandering around town. The chapter then concludes at the pool with the death of Gatsby in the water for his rebirth and Wilson off to the side, much like he had spent most of his life.

    Return to Top


    Vital Quotations

  • "It was this night that he told me the strange story of his youth with Dan Cody--told it to me because 'Jay Gatsby' had broken up like glass against Tom's hard malice and the long secret extravaganza was played out. I think that he would have acknowledged anything, now, without reserve, but he wanted to talk about Daisy" (155). This quotation explains Gatsby's change in attitude and the reason for his openness. It introduces the flashback into Gatsby and Daisy's history together.


  • " 'I spoke to her,' he muttered, after a long silence. 'I told her she might fool me but she couldn't fool God. I took her to the window--' and leaned with his face pressed against it, '--and I said 'God knows what you've been doing, everything you've been doing. You may fool me but you can't fool God!'. Standing behind him Michaelis saw with shock that he was looking at the eyes of Doctor T. J. Eckleburg that had just emerged pale and enormous from the dissolving night. 'God sees everything,' repeated Wilson. 'That's an advertisement,' Michaelis assured him" (167). Dr. Eckleburg's billboard is clearly paralleled to God in this quotation revealing Fitzgerald's belief that America had a lack of morals and faith in God in the 1920s.


  • "No telephone message arrived but the butler went without his sleep and waited for it until four o'clock--until long after there was anyone to give it to if it came. I have an idea that Gatsby himself didn't believe it would come and perhaps he no longer cared. If that was true he must have felt that he had lost the old warm world, paid a high price for living too long with a single dream. He must have looked up at an unfamiliar sky through frightening leaves and shivered as he found what a grotesque thing a rose is and how raw the sunlight was upon the scarcely created grass. A new world, material without being real, where poor ghosts, breathing dreams like air, drifted fortuitously about...like that ashen, fantastic figure gliding toward him through the amorphous trees" (169). Gatsby realizes the end of his dream while drifting in the pool. This is indicated by the water used to symbolize his rebirth and the quotation indicating his change in perception and thinking.


  • Return to Top






    Page last updated on April 28, 1999.
    Curator: Joe Styron