Common Grackle

Quiscalus quiscula

Bill Horn, www.birdsofoklahoma.net

The Common Grackle is a medium-sized bird which looks like a smaller version of a crow. It can grow up to 12 inches long. They are black birds with yellow eyes. Male Grackles have a purple irridescence (a shiny purple glow).

Grackles can be seen in open woods, fields, parks, and lawns.

These birds live in loose colonies which may have from two to 100 birds. Breeding season is from late March to early August.

Common Grackles usually nest in pine trees or other evergreen trees or shrubs. Sometimes they will nest in deciduous trees (ones that lose their leaves in Fall), and sometimes they will even build a nest in cattails.

Backyard Birding and Our Feathered Friends

Grackles make their nest into a cup of grass, twigs, weed stalks, other plant materials, mud, paper, string, feathers, and trash. They sometimes build them in tree cavities (holes).

Female grackles lay between two and six eggs, which take about two weeks to hatch. In another two to three weeks, the young grackles will be ready to leave the nest.

Ohio Division of Natural Areas and Preserves

Common Grackles eat a variety of plant and animal foods, including: grasshoppers, bees, crickets, spiders, centipedes, millipedes, isopods, earthworms, crayfish, snails, salamanders, toads, bird eggs and nestlings, mice, frogs, acorns, ragweed seeds, blackberries, cherries, beechnuts, grapes, sunflower seeds, mulberries, bristlegrass, and many other seeds, grains, nuts, and insects.

Grackles mostly search for their food on the ground and low plants.

In the Winter, Common Grackles will join large flocks mixed with other blackbirds, including Red-winged Blackbirds, European Starlings, and Brown-headed Cowbirds. These flocks can have more than a million birds.

Predators of grackles include other bird predators, such as hawks, owls, and snakes.

Additional Media

Description
Type
Credit
Common Grackle Song
Sound
John R. Sauer

Relationships in Nature:

PREY/FOOD
PREDATORS
SHELTER
OTHER

Field Cricket

Sharp-shinned Hawk

Eastern White Pine

Red-winged Blackbird Mu

Daring Jumping Spider

Barred Owl

Virginia Pine

Brown-headed Cowbird Mu

Differential Grasshopper

Red-tailed Hawk

Eastern Redcedar

European Starling Mu

Disc Cannibal Snail

Great Horned Owl

Loblolly Pine

Earthworm

Black Rat Snake

American Holly

Honey Bee

Witch Hazel

Spring Peeper

Smooth Sumac

Black Oak

Switchgrass

Wild Grape

Smooth Crabgrass

Evergreen Blackberry

Tussock Sedge

Garden Centipede

Common Cattail

American Toad

Queen Anne's Lace

Red-backed Salamander

English Plantain

American Beech

Goldenrod

Woodland Sunflower

Spotted Joe-pye Weed

Common Ragweed

Northern Bobwhite

Meadow Vole

Crayfish

Relationship to Humans:

Common Grackles can sometimes cause damage to crops when they are in large numbers in mixed flocks. They can also be a nuisance when they scavenge for food in waste baskets. Grackles are helpful when they eat pesky insects and other pests.

SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION

KINGDOM
Animal
PHYLUM
Chordate
CLASS
Bird
ORDER
Passeriformes
FAMILY
Icteridae
GENUS
Quiscalus
SPECIES
Quiscalus quiscula

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