FCPS Program of Studies

Social Studies Curriculum

VA/US History

The standards for Virginia and United States History include the historical development of American ideas and institutions from the Age of Exploration to the present. While focusing on political and economic history, students will gain a basic knowledge of American culture through a chronological survey of major issues, movements, people, and events in United States and Virginia history. Students should use historical and geographical analysis skills to explore in depth the events, people, and ideas that fostered our national identity and led to our country’s prominence in world affairs.

The study of history must emphasize the intellectual skills required for responsible citizenship. Students practice these skills as they extend their understanding of the essential knowledge defined by the standards for history and social science.

Last Updated: 08/17/12 10:25 AM

SS.VUS

Standard 1

DEMONSTRATE SKILLS FOR HISTORICAL & GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS

Benchmark 1.a

Use Primary & Secondary Sources to Understand Events & Life in the US

	Indicator 1.a.1
	Use primary & secondary sources to understand events & life in the US

Benchmark 1.b

Evaluate the Authenticity, Authority, and Credibility of Sources

	Indicator 1.b.1
	Evaluate the authenticity, authority, and credibility of sources

Benchmark 1.c

Formulate Historical Questions & Defend Findings Based on Inquiry

	Indicator 1.c.1
	Formulate historical questions and defend findings based on inquiry

Benchmark 1.d

Develop Perspectives of Time & Place Using Maps and Timelines

	Indicator 1.d.1
	Develop perspectives of time & place using maps and timelines

Benchmark 1.e

Communicate Findings Orally and in Essays or Comprehensive Papers

	Indicator 1.e.1
	Communicate findings orally and in essays or comprehensive papers

Benchmark 1.f

Develop Skills in Discussion, Debate & Persuasive Writing

	Indicator 1.f.1
	Develop skills in discussion, debate & persuasive writing

Benchmark 1.g

Apply Geographic Skills & Reference Sources - Understand Relationships

	Indicator 1.g.1
	Apply geographic skills & reference sources - understand relationships

Benchmark 1.h

Interpret Significance of Excerpts from Famous Speeches & Documents

	Indicator 1.h.1
	Interpret significance of excerpts from famous speeches & documents

Benchmark 1.i

Identify Costs, Benefits & Consequences of Specific Choices

	Indicator 1.i.1
	Identify costs, benefits & consequences of specific choices

SS.VUS

Standard 2

DESCRIBE EUROPEAN EXPLORATION AND COLONIZATION

Benchmark 2.a

Describe Reasons for European Exploration and Colonization

	Indicator 2.a.1
	Identify the advances that prompted European exploration

	Indicator 2.a.2
	Compare motives for European exploration & colonization

	Indicator 2.a.3
	Evaluate the course and consequences of the Columbian Exchange

Benchmark 2.b

Describe Interactions among Europeans, Africans & American Indians

	Indicator 2.b.1
	Explain Spanish interactions with the Aztecs, Incas and Pueblos

	Indicator 2.b.2
	Describe the labor systems in Spanish & Portuguese colonies

	Indicator 2.b.3
	Explain how explorations and settlements led to conflicts

	Indicator 2.b.4
	Explain the French exploration of Canada

	Indicator 2.b.5
	Explain how and why slavery was introduced to the New World

Benchmark 2.c

Describe the Characteristics of Early Exploration & Settlements

	Indicator 2.c.1
	Compare and contrast characteristics and motives of British settlement

	Indicator 2.c.2
	Describe the characteristics and motives for settlement in Virginia

	Indicator 2.c.3
	Analyze representative government in the British colonies

SS.VUS

Standard 3

DESCRIBE HOW EUROPEAN VALUES TOOK ROOT IN THE COLONIES

Benchmark 3.a

Assess the Impact of Geography & Origins of Settlers on Colonies

	Indicator 3.a.1
	Describe the economic development of New England

	Indicator 3.a.2
	Describe the economic development of the middle colonies

	Indicator 3.a.3
	Describe the economic development of Virginia & Southern colonies

	Indicator 3.a.4
	Explain private property & free enterprise as traits of colonial life

	Indicator 3.a.5
	Assess impact of geography on economic development in the colonies

	Indicator 3.a.6
	Explain mercantilism as a relationship between England & its colonies

Benchmark 3.b

Describe Social Developments and Social Change in British America

	Indicator 3.b.1
	Describe the religious groups in the colonies

	Indicator 3.b.2
	Describe social characteristics of New England & Mid-Atlantic colonies

	Indicator 3.b.3
	Describe social characteristics of Virginia & other Southern colonies

	Indicator 3.b.4
	Describe the "Great Awakening" and its impact

	Indicator 3.b.5
	Compare and contrast the social and religious traits of the colonies

Benchmark 3.c

Describe the Political Life in the British Colonies

	Indicator 3.c.1
	Describe the political life in the British colonies

Benchmark 3.d

Describe the Impact of Indentured Servitude and Slavery on Colonies

	Indicator 3.d.1
	Explain that agriculture in Southern colonies required cheap labor

	Indicator 3.d.2
	Explain that indentured servants met some labor needs in colonies

	Indicator 3.d.3
	Identify the changing status of Africans in the colonies

	Indicator 3.d.4
	Analyze the impact of Bacon's Rebellion

	Indicator 3.d.5
	Explain that slavery led to conflict between the North and the South

SS.VUS

Standard 4

DEMONSTRATE KNOWLEDGE OF THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR PERIOD

Benchmark 4.a

Analyze Ideas that Influenced & Shaped the Declaration of Independence

	Indicator 4.a.1
	Explain issues used to justify the Declaration of Independence

	Indicator 4.a.2
	Explain the Enlightenment period introduced ideas about government

	Indicator 4.a.3
	Assess influence & impact of Enlightenment philosophers on US beliefs

	Indicator 4.a.4
	Explain how "Common Sense" contributed to the calls for independence

	Indicator 4.a.5
	Assess how Declaration of Independence held ideas of Locke & Paine

Benchmark 4.b

Evaluate Key Principles in the Declaration of Independence as Unifiers

	Indicator 4.b.1
	Evaluate key principles in the Declaration of Independence as unifiers

Benchmark 4.c

Describe Political Differences Among Colonists About Independence

	Indicator 4.c.1
	Explain the Anglo-French rivalry that led to French & Indian War

	Indicator 4.c.2
	Explain the actions by England that led to the Revolutionary War

	Indicator 4.c.3
	Identify the Patriot, Loyalist and Neutral factions

	Indicator 4.c.4
	Examine arguments between the Patriots and Loyalists

	Indicator 4.c.5
	Reconstruct chronology of events that led to armed conflict

Benchmark 4.d

Analyze Reasons for Colonial Victory in the Revolutionary War

	Indicator 4.d.1
	Appraise George Washington's military and political leadership

	Indicator 4.d.2
	Analyze relationship between France and Americans in the Revolution

	Indicator 4.d.3
	Explain the role of support for the war in Great Britain

	Indicator 4.d.4
	Reconstruct chronology of military events that led to colonial victory

	Indicator 4.d.5
	Compare & contrast roles of different groups in the Revolutionary War

SS.VUS

Standard 5

DEMONSTRATE KNOWLEDGE OF THE US CONSTITUTION

Benchmark 5.a

Explain Constitution Origins, Including the Articles of Confederation

	Indicator 5.a.1
	Explain the creation of the Articles of Confederation

	Indicator 5.a.2
	Assess the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation

	Indicator 5.a.3
	Assess the successes under the Articles of Confederation

	Indicator 5.a.4
	Determine the causes and effects of Shays' Rebellion

	Indicator 5.a.5
	Discuss the issues that led to the creation of the US Constitution

Benchmark 5.b

Identify the Major Compromises Made to Create the US Constitution

	Indicator 5.b.1
	Identify key issues & the resolutions in creating the US Constitution

	Indicator 5.b.2
	Assess the role of George Washington as Chairman of the Convention

	Indicator 5.b.3
	Assess the role of James Madison as "Father of the Constitution"

Benchmark 5.c

Examine Significance of Documents Used to Create the Bill of Rights

	Indicator 5.c.1
	Explain that George Mason wrote the Virginia Declaration of Rights

	Indicator 5.c.2
	Explain that Thomas Jefferson wrote VA Statute for Religious Freedom

	Indicator 5.c.3
	Explain that Madison used VA documents to create the US Bill of Rights

Benchmark 5.d

Assess the Arguments of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists

	Indicator 5.d.1
	Explain the arguments of Federalists during ratification debates

	Indicator 5.d.2
	Explain the arguments of Anti-Federalists during ratification debates

Benchmark 5.e

Appraise John Marshall's Supreme Court Precedent-Setting Decisions

	Indicator 5.e.1
	Describe the cases that are the basis of Supreme Court powers

SS.VUS

Standard 6

DEMONSTRATE KNOWLEDGE OF THE 1ST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY

Benchmark 6.a

Explain the Formation of the 1st Opposition Political Party

	Indicator 6.a.1
	Explain the formation of the 1st opposition political party

	Indicator 6.a.2
	Describe the significance of the election of 1800

	Indicator 6.a.3
	Explain the beliefs of members of the Federalists political party

	Indicator 6.a.4
	Explain the beliefs of the Democratic-Republican political party

Benchmark 6.b

Identify Factors that Led to Territorial Expansion

	Indicator 6.b.1
	Describe foreign policy decisions of Washington, Adams & Jefferson

	Indicator 6.b.2
	Assess the impact of the Louisiana Purchase on territorial expansion

	Indicator 6.b.3
	Describe the causes and consequences of the War of 1812

	Indicator 6.b.4
	Identify the origins and provisions of the Monroe Doctrine

	Indicator 6.b.5
	Assess the impact of economic factors on territorial expansion

	Indicator 6.b.6
	Describe the resolution of the Oregon dispute with Great Britain

	Indicator 6.b.7
	Analyze the American belief in "Manifest Destiny"

	Indicator 6.b.8
	Assess the impact of westward migration on the American Indians

	Indicator 6.b.9
	Explain the Texas Revolution and the Mexican-American War

Benchmark 6.c

Examine the Reasons for Declaring War on Great Britain in 1812

	Indicator 6.c.1
	Examine the reasons for declaring war on Great Britain in 1812

Benchmark 6.d

Relate the Changing Character of American Political Life

	Indicator 6.d.1
	Relate the changing character of American Political life

	Indicator 6.d.2
	Explain Andrew Jackson's "Spoils System"

	Indicator 6.d.3
	Explain the replacement of the Federalists by Whigs & Know-Nothings

Benchmark 6.e

Describe the Issues that Divided the Nation

	Indicator 6.e.1
	Describe sectional tensions caused by competing economic interests

	Indicator 6.e.2
	Describe sectional tensions caused by westward expansion

	Indicator 6.e.3
	Describe sectional tensions caused by debates - nature of the Union

	Indicator 6.e.4
	Describe sectional tensions caused by the institution of slavery

	Indicator 6.e.5
	Describe the woman's suffrage movement

	Indicator 6.e.6
	Describe transcendentalism

SS.VUS

Standard 7

DEMONSTRATE KNOWLEDGE OF THE CIVIL WAR & RECONSTRUCTION ERA

Benchmark 7.a

Evaluate the Multiple Causes (Including Slavery) of the Civil War

	Indicator 7.a.1
	Evaluate the multiple causes (including slavery) of the Civil War

Benchmark 7.b

Identify the Major Events and Leaders of the Civil War Era

	Indicator 7.b.1
	Identify the major events of the Civil War

	Indicator 7.b.2
	Identify the major military and political leaders of the Civil War

	Indicator 7.b.3
	Identify military innovations and their impact

Benchmark 7.c

Analyze the Emancipation Proclamation & the Gettysburg Address

	Indicator 7.c.1
	Describe the provisions of the Emancipation Proclamation

	Indicator 7.c.2
	Analyze the significance of the Gettysburg Address

Benchmark 7.d

Examine Political & Economic Impact of the Civil War & Reconstruction

	Indicator 7.d.1
	Describe the political effects of the Civil War & Reconstruction

	Indicator 7.d.2
	Explain the clashes between Johnson and the Radical Republicans

	Indicator 7.d.3
	Identify the provisions of Civil War amendments to the Constitution

	Indicator 7.d.4
	Describe the impact of Reconstruction on African Americans

	Indicator 7.d.5
	Describe the economic impact of the war on the South

	Indicator 7.d.6
	Describe economic impact of the war on the North & Midwest

	Indicator 7.d.7
	Explain the Transcontinental Railroad intensified westward movement

Benchmark 7.e

Examine the Social Impact of the Civil War on Various Groups

	Indicator 7.e.1
	Describe the social impact of the Civil War on African Americans

	Indicator 7.e.2
	Describe the social impact of the Civil War on common soldiers

	Indicator 7.e.3
	Describe the social impact of the Civil War on women

Benchmark 7.f

Explain Post-War Contributions of Key Leaders of the Civil War

	Indicator 7.f.1
	Explain the post-war contributions of Ulysses S. Grant

	Indicator 7.f.2
	Explain the post-war contributions of Robert E. Lee

	Indicator 7.f.3
	Explain the post-war contributions of Frederick Douglass

SS.VUS

Standard 8

DEMONSTRATE NATION'S GROWTH & CHANGE FROM 1860S - EARLY 1900S

Benchmark 8.a

Explain Link Between Westward Expansion & the Nation's Growth

	Indicator 8.a.1
	Explain link between westward expansion & the nation's growth

	Indicator 8.a.2
	Explain the era of the American cowboy

	Indicator 8.a.3
	Identify new technologies that helped westward expansion

	Indicator 8.a.4
	Identify attitudes and policies towards American Indians

	Indicator 8.a.5
	Compare and contrast "old immigrants" and "new immigrants"

	Indicator 8.a.6
	Explain that immigrants arrived from Europe and Asia

	Indicator 8.a.7
	Assess immigrants' contributions to America's growth

	Indicator 8.a.8
	Explain that despite contributions, immigrants faced hardship

	Indicator 8.a.9
	Evaluate the immigration policy of the United States

	Indicator 8.a.10
	Explain the industrial growth and resulting issues faced by cities

Benchmark 8.b

Describe the US Economy Moving from Agrarian to Industrial

	Indicator 8.b.1
	Explain that technological change spurred the growth of industry

	Indicator 8.b.2
	Identify inventions and innovations that fueled industrial growth

	Indicator 8.b.3
	Identify major industrial leaders and their impact on the economy

	Indicator 8.b.4
	Identify reasons for the move from an agrarian to industrial economy

	Indicator 8.b.5
	Describe the impact of immigration on labor issues

	Indicator 8.b.6
	Describe the impact of industrial production on distribution methods

	Indicator 8.b.7
	Describe the impact of industrialization on literature and the arts

Benchmark 8.c

Analyze Prejudice and Discrimination During this Time Period

	Indicator 8.c.1
	Analyze the institutionalization of segregation

	Indicator 8.c.2
	Explain that African Americans began the "Great Migration"

	Indicator 8.c.3
	Compare and contrast the response of African Americans

Benchmark 8.d

Identify the Impact of the Progressive Movement

	Indicator 8.d.1
	Identify causes of the Progressive Movement

	Indicator 8.d.2
	Identify attempts to expose corruption and inequality

	Indicator 8.d.3
	Analyze how unions differed in terms of reform agendas & organization

	Indicator 8.d.4
	Explain the response of management & government to labor strife

	Indicator 8.d.5
	Assess the gains of labor unions

	Indicator 8.d.6
	Explain the Progressive Movement used the govt to reform problems

	Indicator 8.d.7
	Explain the goals of the Progressive Movement

	Indicator 8.d.8
	Describe Progressive accomplishments regarding child labor

	Indicator 8.d.9
	Evaluate Progressive reforms to expand democracy at all levels

	Indicator 8.d.10
	Identify successful attempts at Progressive reform at federal levels

	Indicator 8.d.11
	Describe the women's suffrage movement

	Indicator 8.d.12
	Describe the 16th, 17th, 18th & 19th Amendments reflection of ideals

SS.VUS

Standard 9

DEMONSTRATE EMERGING ROLE OF US IN WORLD AFFAIRS

Benchmark 9.a

Explain Changing US Policies Towards Latin America and Asia

	Indicator 9.a.1
	Explain the growth in international trade from late 1800s to WWI

	Indicator 9.a.2
	Describe the "Open Door Policy" - creating int'l. markets for the US

	Indicator 9.a.3
	Describe "Dollar Diplomacy" - creating int'l. markets for the US

	Indicator 9.a.4
	Analyze causes and results of the Spanish-American War

	Indicator 9.a.5
	Describe the role of T. Roosevelt in building the Panama Canal

	Indicator 9.a.6
	Describe efforts to depose Hawaii's monarchy & annex Hawaii

Benchmark 9.b

Evaluate US Involvement in World War I and Resulting Issues

	Indicator 9.b.1
	Examine the causes of World War I

	Indicator 9.b.2
	Explain how the war began in Europe

	Indicator 9.b.3
	Examine shift in US policy from isolationism to military involvement

	Indicator 9.b.4
	Evaluate the key ideas of Wilson's Fourteen Point Plan

	Indicator 9.b.5
	Identify the consequences of the Treaty of Versailles

	Indicator 9.b.6
	Analyze the political, economic and social results of World War I

SS.VUS

Standard 10

DEMONSTRATE KNOWLEDGE OF KEY DOMESTIC EVENTS OF THE 1920s & 1930s

Benchmark 10.a

Analyze How the Media Created Popular Culture & Challenged Values

	Indicator 10.a.1
	Describe the role the media played in shaping popular culture & values

	Indicator 10.a.2
	Analyze how mass media challenged traditional values

Benchmark 10.b

Assess the Causes & Consequences of the Stock Market Crash of 1929

	Indicator 10.b.1
	Analyze the causes of the stock market crash of 1929

	Indicator 10.b.2
	Analyze the consequences of the stock market crash

Benchmark 10.c

Explain the Causes & Impact of the Great Depression

	Indicator 10.c.1
	Explain the causes of the Great Depression

	Indicator 10.c.2
	Analyze the impact of the Great Depression on the American people

Benchmark 10.d

Describe How FDR's New Deal Addressed Issues of the Great Depression

	Indicator 10.d.1
	Describe Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal

	Indicator 10.d.2
	Explain how the New Deal expanded govt's role in the economy

Benchmark 10.e

Examine Domestic Social Tensions & Results in the Postwar Era

	Indicator 10.e.1
	Assess government reactions to growth of radical political movements

	Indicator 10.e.2
	Examine rising racial and ethnic tensions

	Indicator 10.e.3
	Examine the rise of religious fundamentalism

	Indicator 10.e.4
	Analyze the economic and social consequences of Prohibition

	Indicator 10.e.5
	Analyze how the "New Woman" challenged Victorian values

	Indicator 10.e.6
	Examine contributors to the Harlem Renaissance & the Lost Generation

	Indicator 10.e.7
	Explain the global context of the Great Depression

SS.VUS

Standard 11

THE STUDENT WILL DEMONSTRATE KNOWLEDGE OF WORLD WAR II

Benchmark 11.a

Analyze Causes and Events that Led to US Involvement in WWII

	Indicator 11.a.1
	Analyze political & economic problems from the Treaty of Versailles

	Indicator 11.a.2
	Identify acts of aggression by totalitarian regimes that led to WWII

	Indicator 11.a.3
	Analyze why the US moved towards involvement in WWII

Benchmark 11.b

Describe Major Battles and Turning Points of World War II

	Indicator 11.b.1
	Identify the Allied powers and their major leaders

	Indicator 11.b.2
	Identify the Axis Powers and their major leaders

	Indicator 11.b.3
	Describe the Allied strategy

	Indicator 11.b.4
	Describe the Axis strategy

	Indicator 11.b.5
	Describe the Battle of El Alamein

	Indicator 11.b.6
	Describe the Battle and Siege of Stalingrad

	Indicator 11.b.7
	Describe the Normandy landings (D-Day)

	Indicator 11.b.8
	Describe the Battle of the Bulge

	Indicator 11.b.9
	Describe the Battle of Midway

	Indicator 11.b.10
	Describe the battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa

	Indicator 11.b.11
	Analyze the use of the atomic bomb in Japan

Benchmark 11.c

Describe the Role of All-Minority Military Units

	Indicator 11.c.1
	Explain that African Americans usually served in segregated units

	Indicator 11.c.2
	Explain the role of the Tuskegee Airmen in Europe

	Indicator 11.c.3
	Explain the role of the Nisei regiments

	Indicator 11.c.4
	Identify additional contributions of minorities in World War II

Benchmark 11.d

Examine the Geneva Convention & Treatment of Prisoners of War

	Indicator 11.d.1
	Explain the Geneva Convention mandated humane treatment of POWs

	Indicator 11.d.2
	Describe the treatment of POWs in the Pacific Theater

Benchmark 11.e

Analyze the Holocaust and its Impact on Jews and Other Groups

	Indicator 11.e.1
	Define Genocide: Systematic & purposeful destruction of a group

	Indicator 11.e.2
	Define the phrase Final Solution: Effort to exterminate all Jews

	Indicator 11.e.3
	Identify groups affected by the Holocaust

	Indicator 11.e.4
	Analyze the significance of the Nuremburg trials

	Indicator 11.e.5
	Explain the arrests and trials of Japanese officials for atrocities

SS.VUS

Standard 12

DEMONSTRATE THE EFFECTS OF WWII ON THE HOME FRONT

Benchmark 12.a

Explain How the US Mobilized Economic/Human/Military Resources

	Indicator 12.a.1
	Analyze the US mobilization of resources during World War II

	Indicator 12.a.2
	Describe how the US mobilized human & military resources in WWII

Benchmark 12.b

Describe the Contributions of Women and Minorities to the War Effort

	Indicator 12.b.1
	Describe the contributions of women to the war effort

	Indicator 12.b.2
	Describe the contributions of African Americans to the war effort

Benchmark 12.c

Explain the Internment of Japanese Americans during the War

	Indicator 12.c.1
	Identify reasons for the internment of Japanese Americans

	Indicator 12.c.2
	Describe the internment of Japanese Americans

Benchmark 12.d

Describe the Role of Media and Communications in the War Effort.

	Indicator 12.d.1
	Describe the role of media and communications in the war effort

Benchmark 12.e

Evaluate the Impact of World War II on Science and Technology

	Indicator 12.e.1
	Discuss changes in military technology during World War II

	Indicator 12.e.2
	Examine the impact of World War II on the field of medicine

SS.VUS

Standard 13

DEMONSTRATE KNOWLEDGE OF US FOREIGN POLICY SINCE WWII

Benchmark 13.a

Describe Outcomes of WWII - New Boundaries, UN & the Marshall Plan

	Indicator 13.a.1
	Explain that the USSR occupied Eastern & Central Europe & East Germany

	Indicator 13.a.2
	Describe the partitioning of Germany at the end of World War II

	Indicator 13.a.3
	Explain that Japan was occupied by American forces after World War II

	Indicator 13.a.4
	Explain that the Marshall Plan provided help to rebuild Europe

	Indicator 13.a.5
	Describe boundary changes at the end of World War II

	Indicator 13.a.6
	Explain that the UN was formed to prevent future global wars

Benchmark 13.b

Explain Cold War, Truman Doctrine, Korean & Vietnam Wars, NATO Role

	Indicator 13.b.1
	Explain Cold War duration - from end of WWII to Soviet Union collapse

	Indicator 13.b.2
	Describe the different values of the US and the USSR

	Indicator 13.b.3
	Describe the Truman Doctrine as a guiding US principle of the Cold War

	Indicator 13.b.4
	Describe the division of Europe after World War II

	Indicator 13.b.5
	Describe the impact of the communist takeover of China

	Indicator 13.b.6
	Describe the arms race and its impact on the Cold War

	Indicator 13.b.7
	Explain the causes, responses to, and results of the Korean War

	Indicator 13.b.8
	Explain the causes, responses & results of US involvement with Cuba

	Indicator 13.b.9
	Assess the impact of the Cold War at home

	Indicator 13.b.10
	Explain the causes, responses & results of US involvement in Vietnam

	Indicator 13.b.11
	Evaluate public perception of the executive branch

Benchmark 13.c

Explain Role of US Military & Veterans Defending Freedom in Cold War

	Indicator 13.c.1
	Identify famous excerpts from Kennedy's inaugural address

	Indicator 13.c.2
	Describe contributions of the military during the Cold War era

	Indicator 13.c.3
	Explain the impact of the assassination of Kennedy

	Indicator 13.c.4
	Compare the experiences of WWII and Vietnam veterans

Benchmark 13.d

Explain Collapse of Communism and the End of the Cold War

	Indicator 13.d.1
	Identify internal problems in the USSR that led to collapse

	Indicator 13.d.2
	Assess Reagan's role in the collapse of Soviet Union & end of Cold War

Benchmark 13.e

Explain the Impact of US Presidents since 1988 on Foreign Policy

	Indicator 13.e.1
	Identify selected post-Cold War era goals and policies

	Indicator 13.e.2
	Describe the impact of President George H.W. Bush - 1989-1993

	Indicator 13.e.3
	Describe the impact of President William J. Clinton - 1993-2001

	Indicator 13.e.4
	Describe the impact of President George W. Bush - 2001-2009

Benchmark 13.f

Trace Rise of US as Major Economic & Military Power in the Postwar Era

	Indicator 13.f.1
	Describe postwar economy and its effect on the American consumer

	Indicator 13.f.2
	Describe federal govt. provided economic opportunities for veterans

	Indicator 13.f.3
	Explain conservative reaction to liberalism & supply-side economics

	Indicator 13.f.4
	Analyze the economic implications of demographic changes

SS.VUS

Standard 14

DEMONSTRATE KNOWLEDGE OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT

Benchmark 14.a

Identify Brown v. Topeka Board of Education

	Indicator 14.a.1
	Describe the significance of Brown v. Topeka Board of Education

	Indicator 14.a.2
	Identify key people in Brown v. Topeka Board of Education

	Indicator 14.a.3
	Evaluate Virginia's response to Brown v. Topeka Board of Education

Benchmark 14.b

Describe NAACP, March on Wash, & Civil Rights Act & Voting Rights Act

	Indicator 14.b.1
	Evaluate the impact of the 1963 March on Washington

	Indicator 14.b.2
	Describe the Civil Rights Act of 1964

	Indicator 14.b.3
	Assess the significance of the Voting Rights Act of 1965

	Indicator 14.b.4
	Explain that the NAACP challenged segregation in the courts

	Indicator 14.b.5
	Identify and compare key civil rights events and organizations

	Indicator 14.b.6
	Compare philosophies of key Civil Rights leaders

	Indicator 14.b.7
	Analyze the ideas in Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.' writings

SS.VUS

Standard 15

DEMONSTRATE KNOWLEDGE OF DEVELOPMENTS IN RECENT DECADES & TODAY

Benchmark 15.a

Examine Role of US Supreme Court - Equal Rights, Rule of Law, Privacy

	Indicator 15.a.1
	Examine role of US Supreme Court - equal rights, rule of law, privacy

Benchmark 15.b

Analyze Changing Patterns of Immigration/Reasons to Come/Contributions

	Indicator 15.b.1
	Explain that new immigration to US has come from many areas

	Indicator 15.b.2
	Identify reasons for immigration to the US

	Indicator 15.b.3
	Identify issues related to immigration policy in the United States

	Indicator 15.b.4
	Describe the contributions of immigrants in the US

	Indicator 15.b.5
	Compare reasons for immigration to US now and in the past

Benchmark 15.c

Explain Influence & Effects of the Media and Technological Advances

	Indicator 15.c.1
	Describe the US space program

	Indicator 15.c.2
	Explain the increase in the global awareness of Americans

	Indicator 15.c.3
	Identify examples of technological advances in the US

	Indicator 15.c.4
	Identify changes brought on by technological advances in the US

Benchmark 15.d

Examine the Impact of the "Reagan Revolution"

	Indicator 15.d.1
	Identify the role of Reagan and conservative Republicans

	Indicator 15.d.2
	Assess the "Reagan Revolution" extending beyond his tenure in office

Benchmark 15.e

Assess the Role of Government Actions that Impact the Economy

	Indicator 15.e.1
	Assess the role of government actions that impact the economy

Benchmark 15.f

Assess the Role of the US in a World Confronted by Terrorism

	Indicator 15.f.1
	Assess the role of the US in a world confronted by terrorism

Benchmark 15.g

Examine Social, Political, & Economic Issues of the 21st Century

	Indicator 15.g.1
	Examine major social concerns in contemporary US in the 21st century

	Indicator 15.g.2
	Examine changes in the political landscape in the 21st century

Essential - Standard, benchmark, or indicator from the VDOE Standards of Learning document. In the absence of VDOE standards for a given course, content subject to testing such as AP and IB can be labeled Essential.
Expected - Standard, benchmark, or indicator added by the FCPS Program of Studies to provide a context, a bridge, or an enhancement to the Essential SBIs.
Extended - Standard, benchmark, or indicator added by the FCPS Program of Studies generally used to differentiate instruction for advanced learners (Honors/GT)