FCPS Program of Studies

Career and Technical Ed Curriculum

Criminal Justice 1

This course is designed for students who are considering a career in criminal justice. The course prepares students for career opportunities within the criminal justice system as well as entrance into institutions of higher learning. Specific areas of training will be provided in criminal law and investigation, security training, communications, emergency response, crimes, search and seizures, arrests, crime prevention, court procedure and police operations. The program is structured to give students a strong academic background with the skills and knowledge necessary to meet the needs of a career in any of the cited fields. In addition, experts from various agencies provide in-depth information and experiences.

Last Updated: 07/26/10 12:20 PM

CTE.CJ1

Standard 1

DEVELOP WORKPLACE READINESS SKILLS: PERSONAL QUALITIES & PEOPLE SKILLS

Benchmark 1.001

Demonstrate Positive Work Ethic

	Indicator 1.001.001
	Maintain punctual and consistent attendance

	Indicator 1.001.002
	Take direction willingly

	Indicator 1.001.003
	Exhibit motivation to accomplish the task at hand

Benchmark 1.002

Demonstrate Integrity

	Indicator 1.002.001
	Identify and abide by laws and workplace policies

	Indicator 1.002.002
	Exhibit honesty and reliability

Benchmark 1.003

Demonstrate Teamwork Skills

	Indicator 1.003.001
	Contribute to the success of the team

	Indicator 1.003.002
	Assist others

	Indicator 1.003.003
	Request help when needed

Benchmark 1.004

Demonstrate Self-Representation Skills

	Indicator 1.004.001
	Dress appropriately

	Indicator 1.004.002
	Use language and manners suitable for the workplace

Benchmark 1.005

Demonstrate Diversity Awareness

	Indicator 1.005.001
	Work in a respectful & friendly manner with all customers & coworkers

Benchmark 1.006

Demonstrate Conflict-Resolution Skills

	Indicator 1.006.001
	Negotiate diplomatic solutions to interpersonal & workplace conflicts

Benchmark 1.007

Demonstrate Creativity and Resourcefulness

	Indicator 1.007.001
	Contribute new ideas

	Indicator 1.007.002
	Work with initiative

	Indicator 1.007.003
	Deal skillfully and promptly with new situations and obstacles

CTE.CJ1

Standard 2

DEVELOP WORKPLACE READINESS SKILLS: PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

Benchmark 2.008

Demonstrate Effective Speaking and Listening Skills

	Indicator 2.008.001
	Communicate effectively with customers and fellow coworkers

	Indicator 2.008.002
	Comprehend details and follow directions

	Indicator 2.008.003
	Repeat directions or requests to ensure understanding

Benchmark 2.009

Demonstrate Effective Reading and Writing Skills

	Indicator 2.009.001
	Read and correctly interpret workplace documents

	Indicator 2.009.002
	Write with clear and correct language, appropriate to audience

Benchmark 2.010

Demonstrate Critical-Thinking and Problem-Solving Skills

	Indicator 2.010.001
	Analyze and solve problems that arise in completing assigned tasks

Benchmark 2.011

Demonstrate Healthy Behaviors and Safety Skills

	Indicator 2.011.001
	Manage personal health

	Indicator 2.011.002
	Follow safety guidelines

Benchmark 2.012

Demonstrate an Understanding of Workplace Organizations, Systems, etc.

	Indicator 2.012.001
	Identify “big picture” issues

	Indicator 2.012.002
	Explain one’s role in fulfilling the mission of the workplace

Benchmark 2.013

Demonstrate Lifelong-Learning Skills

	Indicator 2.013.001
	Continually acquire new industry-related knowledge

	Indicator 2.013.002
	Improve professional skills to stay current in the field & to advance

	Indicator 2.013.003
	Seek education and experiences that enhance personal growth

Benchmark 2.014

Demonstrate Job Acquisition and Advancement Skills

	Indicator 2.014.001
	Prepare to apply for a job

	Indicator 2.014.002
	Seek promotion

Benchmark 2.015

Demonstrate Time, Task, and Resource-Management Skills

	Indicator 2.015.001
	Organize and implement a productive plan of work

	Indicator 2.015.002
	Manage resources

Benchmark 2.016

Demonstrate Job-Specific Mathematics Skills

	Indicator 2.016.001
	Use mathematical reasoning/processes to accomplish job-specific tasks

Benchmark 2.017

Demonstrate Customer-Service Skills

	Indicator 2.017.001
	Address the needs of all customers

	Indicator 2.017.002
	Provide helpful, courteous, and knowledgeable service

CTE.CJ1

Standard 3

DEVELOP WORKPLACE READINESS SKILLS: TECHNOLOGY KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS

Benchmark 3.018

Demonstrate Proficiency with Technologies Common to an Occupation

	Indicator 3.018.001
	Select & use technological resources to accomplish work efficiently

Benchmark 3.019

Demonstrate Information Technology Skills

	Indicator 3.019.001
	Work with hardware, file-management techniques, and software/programs

	Indicator 3.019.002
	Work with equipment and software appropriate to occupation

	Indicator 3.019.003
	Seek additional technology that might improve work processes/products

Benchmark 3.020

Demonstrate an Understanding of Internet Use and Security Issues

	Indicator 3.020.001
	Use the Internet efficiently and ethically for work

	Indicator 3.020.002
	Take measures to avoid Internet security risks

Benchmark 3.021

Demonstrate Telecommunications Skills

	Indicator 3.021.001
	Select and use telecommunications devices

	Indicator 3.021.002
	Select and use telecommunications services

	Indicator 3.021.003
	Select and use Web-based applications

CTE.CJ1

Standard 4

UNDERSTAND ALL ASPECTS OF INDUSTRY

Benchmark 4.022

Examine Planning at Individual Business and Overall Industry Levels

	Indicator 4.022.001
	Develop strategic plans-mission, vision, goals, objectives, etc.

	Indicator 4.022.002
	Work with planning tools

	Indicator 4.022.003
	Anticipate needs for staffing and purchases of equipment and supplies

	Indicator 4.022.004
	Develop plans for training and upgrading of staff

	Indicator 4.022.005
	Forecast market trends

	Indicator 4.022.006
	Develop business plans for entrepreneurial ventures

Benchmark 4.023

Explain Management Methods

	Indicator 4.023.001
	Use an organization chart to explain how a chain of command works

	Indicator 4.023.002
	Provide input for strategic plans & communicating the company's vision

	Indicator 4.023.003
	Lead employees in carrying out strategic plans and action plans

	Indicator 4.023.004
	Evaluate employee performance

	Indicator 4.023.005
	Anticipate technology and other major purchasing needs

	Indicator 4.023.006
	Ensure equity and access for employees

	Indicator 4.023.007
	Resolve conflicts

	Indicator 4.023.008
	Develop job descriptions and written policies/procedures

	Indicator 4.023.009
	Identify recruitment procedures, training opportunities, etc.

	Indicator 4.023.010
	Work with professional associations and community outreach efforts

Benchmark 4.024

Examine Finance: Decisions, Raising Capital, Expansion, etc.

	Indicator 4.024.001
	Develop budgets

	Indicator 4.024.002
	Prepare financial statements

	Indicator 4.024.003
	Analyze and manage financial transactions and records

	Indicator 4.024.004
	Implement payroll procedures

	Indicator 4.024.005
	Determine and pay taxes

	Indicator 4.024.006
	Identify indirect wage costs

	Indicator 4.024.007
	Make loans and grant credit to customers

	Indicator 4.024.008
	Develop graphs and charts related to company finances

	Indicator 4.024.009
	Identify & implement methods of sustaining profitability of a business

	Indicator 4.024.010
	Manage 401K plans

	Indicator 4.024.011
	Identify sources of capital

Benchmark 4.025

Describe Technical and Production Skills for Production Techniques

	Indicator 4.025.001
	Use troubleshooting and problem-solving techniques

	Indicator 4.025.002
	Analyze information to make decisions

	Indicator 4.025.003
	Identify and implement quality assurance techniques

	Indicator 4.025.004
	Employ communication skills (writing, listening, speaking, etc.)

	Indicator 4.025.005
	Participate in team efforts

	Indicator 4.025.006
	Implement projects and new techniques

	Indicator 4.025.007
	Demonstrate basic computer skills

	Indicator 4.025.008
	Employ time management techniques in completing tasks

	Indicator 4.025.009
	Demonstrate ethical behavior and work ethic

Benchmark 4.026

Examine Underlying Principles of Technology

	Indicator 4.026.001
	Identify principles of technology an employee should know

Benchmark 4.027

Examine Labor Issues: Worker Rights, Labor Unions, etc.

	Indicator 4.027.001
	Identify a variety of labor issues

Benchmark 4.028

Describe Community Issues

	Indicator 4.028.001
	Explain the impacts of community issues on business

	Indicator 4.028.002
	Identify methods used by business to become involved in the community

Benchmark 4.029

Examine Concepts of Health, Safety & Environmental Issues

	Indicator 4.029.001
	Describe concepts related to health issues

	Indicator 4.029.002
	Describe concepts related to safety issues

	Indicator 4.029.003
	Describe concepts related to environmental issues

CTE.CJ1

Standard 5

ADDRESS ELEMENTS OF STUDENT LIFE

Benchmark 5.030

Identify the Purposes and Goals of the Student Organization

	Indicator 5.030.001
	Identify the purposes of the student organization

	Indicator 5.030.002
	Identify the goals of the student organization

Benchmark 5.031

Explain the Benefits and Responsibilities of Organization Membership

	Indicator 5.031.001
	Explain membership benefits of student and civic organizations

	Indicator 5.031.002
	Explain membership responsibilities of student and civic organizations

Benchmark 5.032

Demonstrate Leadership Skills Through Participation in Activities

	Indicator 5.032.001
	Participate in activities: meetings, community-service, competitions

Benchmark 5.033

Identify Internet Safety Issues & Comply with Acceptable Use Standards

	Indicator 5.033.001
	Identify Internet safety issues

	Indicator 5.033.002
	Identify procedures for complying with acceptable use standards

CTE.CJ1

Standard 6

PRACTICE SAFETY

Benchmark 6.034

Identify Classroom Safety Rules and Procedures

	Indicator 6.034.001
	Refrain from rough or noisy behavior

	Indicator 6.034.002
	Follow the school safety pledge/code/requirements

	Indicator 6.034.003
	Adhere to posted classroom rules

Benchmark 6.035

Follow General Safety Procedures

	Indicator 6.035.001
	Handle all weapons and ammunition according to safety procedures

	Indicator 6.035.002
	Handle suspected narcotics according to safety procedures

	Indicator 6.035.003
	Handle transportation/patrol vehicles according to safety procedures

	Indicator 6.035.004
	Use infectious disease barriers properly

	Indicator 6.035.005
	Handle the methods of pathogen contamination using safety procedures

Benchmark 6.036

Identify School Safety Policies and Procedures

	Indicator 6.036.001
	Locate and review the school safety handbook and comply with policies

Benchmark 6.037

Identify Equipment Safety Rules and Procedures

	Indicator 6.037.001
	Apply safety rules and procedures to the use of equipment

Benchmark 6.038

Earn CareerSafe Credentials

	Indicator 6.038.001
	Earn the CareerSafe certification

Benchmark 6.039

Cite Causes of Back Injuries and Methods for Preventing Them

	Indicator 6.039.001
	Identify typical causes of back injuries

	Indicator 6.039.002
	Identify methods for preventing back injuries

Benchmark 6.040

Cite Slip, Trip, and Fall Injuries and Methods for Preventing Them

	Indicator 6.040.001
	Identify typical causes of slip, trip, and fall injuries

	Indicator 6.040.002
	Identify methods for preventing slip, trip, and fall injuries

Benchmark 6.041

Outline the Minimum Physical Fitness Standards

	Indicator 6.041.001
	Identify general physical fitness standards for state and local police

Benchmark 6.042

Define "Risk Management"

	Indicator 6.042.001
	Define "risk management"

CTE.CJ1

Standard 7

INTRODUCTION TO THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM

Benchmark 7.043

Describe the Elements of the Criminal Justice System

	Indicator 7.043.001
	Identify the elements of the criminal justice system

	Indicator 7.043.002
	Explain the relationship among law enforcement, corrections & courts

	Indicator 7.043.003
	Explain the purpose of the courts

	Indicator 7.043.004
	Identify the goals of law enforcement

	Indicator 7.043.005
	Identify the roles of corrections

Benchmark 7.044

Explain the Role of the Criminal Justice System

	Indicator 7.044.001
	Describe the 3 branches of the federal govt and their responsibilities

	Indicator 7.044.002
	Describe the law enforcement agencies under the executive branch

	Indicator 7.044.003
	Describe the branches of state govt and law enforcement courts, etc.

	Indicator 7.044.004
	Describe the organization of local govt and criminal agencies

	Indicator 7.044.005
	Explain the interrelationships among federal, state and local agencies

Benchmark 7.045

Describe the Historical Basis of the American Criminal Justice System

	Indicator 7.045.001
	Describe the historical basis of the American criminal justice system

CTE.CJ1

Standard 8

PREPARE FOR A CAREER IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE

Benchmark 8.046

Describe Occupations Related to Criminal Justice

	Indicator 8.046.001
	Describe the duties and working conditions of entry-level positions

Benchmark 8.047

Identify Personal/Professional Ethics Associated with Criminal Justice

	Indicator 8.047.001
	Define professional and ethical standards

	Indicator 8.047.002
	Cite reasons why personnel should be examples of high ethical behavior

	Indicator 8.047.003
	Explain unethical, illegal, or unprofessional conduct

	Indicator 8.047.004
	Discuss "discretionary enforcement"

	Indicator 8.047.005
	Define the principles that define law enforcement as a profession

CTE.CJ1

Standard 9

UNDERSTAND THE RULE OF LAW

Benchmark 9.048

Differentiate Among Criminal, Civil, and Case Law

	Indicator 9.048.001
	Differentiate among criminal, civil, and case law

Benchmark 9.049

Define "Crime"

	Indicator 9.049.001
	Identify the elements of a crime

Benchmark 9.050

Identify Felonies and Misdemeanors, Including Traffic Violations

	Indicator 9.050.001
	Explain the legal definitions of felony and misdemeanor

	Indicator 9.050.002
	Identify the classes of felonies and misdemeanors

	Indicator 9.050.003
	Explain how some crimes can be felonies or misdemeanors

Benchmark 9.051

Identify Traffic Codes, Criminal Violations Using the Code of Virginia

	Indicator 9.051.001
	Look up a code by definition and by code number

	Indicator 9.051.002
	Use the index for the Code of Virginia

	Indicator 9.051.003
	Acquire a familiarity with the 46.2 and 18.2 series

	Indicator 9.051.004
	Use a CD ROM or Internet as alternate medium for the Code of Virginia

Benchmark 9.052

Identify Crimes Against Persons and Crimes Against Property

	Indicator 9.052.001
	Differentiate between crimes against persons & crimes against property

	Indicator 9.052.002
	Identify examples and elements of each type of crime

	Indicator 9.052.003
	Identify felony and misdemeanor crimes

Benchmark 9.053

Define "Probable Cause," and Explain How it Might Be Established

	Indicator 9.053.001
	Explain "probable cause" in lay terms

	Indicator 9.053.002
	Explain the exclusionary rule and provide reasons for it

	Indicator 9.053.003
	List the ways probable cause is established

	Indicator 9.053.004
	Relate probable cause and obtaining search warrants

	Indicator 9.053.005
	Relate probable cause and searching without a warrant

	Indicator 9.053.006
	Identify the safeguards to unreasonable searches and seizure

	Indicator 9.053.007
	Explain the placement of probable cause on a continuum of proof

Benchmark 9.054

Define "Rules of Evidence" and Explain Their Importance

	Indicator 9.054.001
	Define evidence, material evidence, and chain of evidence

	Indicator 9.054.002
	Explain the importance of maintaining the chain of evidence

	Indicator 9.054.003
	Explain the proper collection, tagging, preservation, etc. of evidence

	Indicator 9.054.004
	Provide the reasons for excluding evidence at a trial

	Indicator 9.054.005
	Explain the meaning of hearsay evidence and its admissibility at trial

Benchmark 9.055

Define "Probable Cause to Arrest"

	Indicator 9.055.001
	Provide the legal meaning of probable cause as it relates to arrest

	Indicator 9.055.002
	Explain the way in which probable cause is established for arrest

	Indicator 9.055.003
	Identify the five areas the courts examine to judge probable cause

CTE.CJ1

Standard 10

EXPLORE POLICING

Benchmark 10.056

Define the Elements of Force Continuum

	Indicator 10.056.001
	Define the force continuum

	Indicator 10.056.002
	Provide the legal meaning of self-defense

	Indicator 10.056.003
	Explain relationship between fear of bodily harm & use of deadly force

	Indicator 10.056.004
	List the tests under the law that justify the use of deadly force

	Indicator 10.056.005
	Explain the conditions under which an office may use deadly force

	Indicator 10.056.006
	Compare the right of police to use deadly force with that of citizens

Benchmark 10.057

Describe Factors an Officer must Consider When Faced with Deadly Force

	Indicator 10.057.001
	Describe factors which must be considered before use of deadly force

Benchmark 10.058

Describe Standards Required for the Handling and Use of Deadly Weapons

	Indicator 10.058.001
	Describe standards required for the handling and use of deadly weapons

Benchmark 10.059

Identify the Responsibilities of Officers Responding to Emergencies

	Indicator 10.059.001
	Identify the responsibilities of officers responding to emergencies

Benchmark 10.060

Describe the Purposes of Traffic Regulations

	Indicator 10.060.001
	Describe the purposes and objectives of traffic regulations

Benchmark 10.061

Describe the Officer's Roles in Enforcement of Traffic Laws, etc.

	Indicator 10.061.001
	Describe the officer's roles in the enforcement of traffic laws, etc.

Benchmark 10.062

Describe Techniques for Vehicle Stops

	Indicator 10.062.001
	Describe techniques for vehicle stops

Benchmark 10.063

Identify High-Risk Situations an Officer May Face

	Indicator 10.063.001
	Identify high-risk situations an officer may face

Benchmark 10.064

Define "Crime Prevention"

	Indicator 10.064.001
	Define anticipation, recognition, appraisal, and action

	Indicator 10.064.002
	Differentiate between the active and reactive roles of police

	Indicator 10.064.003
	Discuss the desired results of anticipating crime

	Indicator 10.064.004
	Define the reasons for not reporting some crimes

	Indicator 10.064.005
	Implement a plan of action for crime prevention with the community

	Indicator 10.064.006
	Implement a plan to reduce the opportunity for a crime to be committed

	Indicator 10.064.007
	Define the crime triangle: desire, ability, and opportunity

Benchmark 10.065

Describe Methods for Protecting Persons

	Indicator 10.065.001
	Describe methods for protecting persons

Benchmark 10.066

Describe Methods for Protecting Assets

	Indicator 10.066.001
	Describe methods for protecting assets

Benchmark 10.067

Explore the Student's Responsibility when Hearing of Potential Danger

	Indicator 10.067.001
	Explain the student's responsibility when hearing of potential danger

Benchmark 10.068

Describe Community Policing

	Indicator 10.068.001
	Describe the SARA model of the Newport News Police Department

	Indicator 10.068.001
	Explain the partnership between police and citizens

	Indicator 10.068.003
	Describe the methods of patrol that encourage community policing

	Indicator 10.068.004
	Identify the history and philosophy of community policing

CTE.CJ1

Standard 11

INVESTIGATE A CRIME SCENE

Benchmark 11.069

Review the Application of the Fourth Amendment to Search and Seizure

	Indicator 11.069.001
	Differentiate the plain view doctrine and the expectation of privacy

	Indicator 11.069.002
	Explain exigent circumstances

Benchmark 11.070

Identify Types of Evidence Associated with Various Crimes

	Indicator 11.070.001
	Explain Locard's Exchange Principle

	Indicator 11.070.002
	Match crimes and their associated evidence

Benchmark 11.071

Review Communication Skills for the Crime Scene Investigator

	Indicator 11.071.001
	Review communication techniques for interviewing victims

	Indicator 11.071.002
	Review communication techniques for interviewing witnesses

	Indicator 11.071.003
	Review communication techniques for interviewing suspects

	Indicator 11.071.004
	Review communication techniques for interviewing first responders

CTE.CJ1

Standard 12

EXPLORE THE COURTS

Benchmark 12.072

Identify the Organizational Structure and Responsibilities of Courts

	Indicator 12.072.001
	Define the different types of courts

	Indicator 12.072.002
	Explain the structure of courts at each level of government in VA

	Indicator 12.072.003
	Identify the primary responsibilities of each court

	Indicator 12.072.004
	Classify examples of cases that are heard in the system of appeals

Benchmark 12.073

Define Bail, Arraignment, Preliminary Hearing, Indictment, and Trial

	Indicator 12.073.001
	Explain the purpose of bail

	Indicator 12.073.002
	Describe the procedure of arraignment

	Indicator 12.073.003
	Explain the purpose and procedures of a preliminary hearing

	Indicator 12.073.004
	Recognize the role of the grand jury in a criminal case

	Indicator 12.073.005
	Explain the purpose and procedures of trial

Benchmark 12.074

Describe the Roles of the Judge, Bailiff, Prosecuting Attorney, etc.

	Indicator 12.074.001
	Describe the judge's duties at each level of the court system

	Indicator 12.074.002
	Explain the bailiff's duties in court

	Indicator 12.074.003
	Identify the responsibilities of a prosecuting attorney

	Indicator 12.074.004
	Identify the responsibilities of a defense attorney

	Indicator 12.074.005
	Compare and contrast the duties of civil, criminal, and grand juries

	Indicator 12.074.006
	Explain the responsibilities of a jury of one's peers

Benchmark 12.075

Describe Professional Demeanor in Court

	Indicator 12.075.001
	Describe professional demeanor in court

Benchmark 12.076

Describe the Sentencing Process

	Indicator 12.076.001
	Describe the pre-sentence investigation

	Indicator 12.076.002
	Recognize the judge's discretion in sentencing and statutory mandates

	Indicator 12.076.003
	Compare and contrast the types of sentencing

	Indicator 12.076.004
	Compare concurrent sentence versus consecutive sentence

	Indicator 12.076.005
	Explain the purposes for incarceration

	Indicator 12.076.006
	Define capital crimes

CTE.CJ1

Standard 13

APPLY CRIMINAL JUSTICE COMMUNICATION SKILLS

Benchmark 13.077

Identify Observation and Surveillance Techniques

	Indicator 13.077.001
	Describe observation and surveillance techniques

Benchmark 13.078

Give Clear and Concise Descriptions of Persons, Places, and Incidents

	Indicator 13.078.001
	Use effective observation techniques to provide descriptions

Benchmark 13.079

Write a Report Based on Notes

	Indicator 13.079.001
	Emphasize the five Ws

	Indicator 13.079.002
	Review the notes for neatness, grammar, and accuracy

	Indicator 13.079.003
	Write a report reflecting a good organization of notes

Benchmark 13.080

Demonstrate Effective Telephone and Radio Techniques

	Indicator 13.080.001
	Follow correct procedures for answering the phone and taking messages

	Indicator 13.080.002
	Follow correct procedures for answering emergency phone & radio calls

	Indicator 13.080.003
	Use correct radio procedures

	Indicator 13.080.004
	Identify the criteria for the acquisition of complete information

Benchmark 13.081

Explain the Vital Role of Computers in the Officer's Job

	Indicator 13.081.001
	Explain that computers provide assistance with fingerprinting, etc.

CTE.CJ1

Standard 14

UNDERSTAND JUVENILE JUSTICE

Benchmark 14.082

Describe the Scope of Authority of the Juvenile Court of Virginia

	Indicator 14.082.001
	Define juvenile

	Indicator 14.082.002
	Describe the classifications of juveniles in the juvenile court system

	Indicator 14.082.003
	Identify the minimum and maximum ages for adjudication as a juvenile

	Indicator 14.082.004
	Describe the alternatives to disposition available to judges

Benchmark 14.083

Identify Constitutional Guarantees Affecting Juveniles

	Indicator 14.083.001
	Identify case law that relates to juveniles taken into custody

	Indicator 14.083.002
	Define parens patriae

	Indicator 14.083.003
	Compare the due process rights of adults to those of juveniles

	Indicator 14.083.004
	Recognize the benefits of formal trials and informal hearings

Benchmark 14.084

Outline the Stages of a Typical Juvenile Case: Arrest - Adjudication

	Indicator 14.084.001
	Outline the stages of a typical juvenile case

Benchmark 14.085

Describe Dispositions Available Through Juvenile Court

	Indicator 14.085.001
	Describe the variety of dispositions available through Juvenile Court

Benchmark 14.086

Explain Procedures for Handling Juveniles' Records

	Indicator 14.086.001
	Explain the procedures for handling juveniles' records

Essential - Standard, benchmark, or indicator from the VDOE Standards of Learning document. In the absence of VDOE standards for a given course, content subject to testing such as AP and IB can be labeled Essential.
Expected - Standard, benchmark, or indicator added by the FCPS Program of Studies to provide a context, a bridge, or an enhancement to the Essential SBIs.
Extended - Standard, benchmark, or indicator added by the FCPS Program of Studies generally used to differentiate instruction for advanced learners (Honors/GT)